Quota Whist
These are trick-taking games without partnerships in which each player has a quota of tricks to win. Players are rewarded or penalised according to how many tricks they win compared to their quota. The rewards and penalties may just be points, but in many of the games there are other consequences for the next deal. For example players who fail to meet their quota may have to surrender high cards to those who exceed their quotas in exchange for unwanted cards.
It looks likely that these games originated in Scandinavia. Their ancestor may be the Norwegian game Sprøite, which is described in the Nyeste Norsk Spillebog (1882) according to Sten Helmfrid's article on three-player Swedish Whist in the Swedish playing-card journal Kartofilen, July 2024, Volume 33, issue 2/24, pages 9–21.
A few of these games incorporate several different contracts, sometimes with or without trumps, sometimes including negative games where the quotas are the maximum number of tricks a player may win without penalty. These contracts are sometimes determined at random by drawing a card, but often they are played through in sequence as in a compendium game. In this case the contracts may be played in a fixed order or in an order chosen by the players according to their hands.
- Sergeant Major, 8-5-3, 9-5-2 - played in many countries
- Tribello - a game from Illinois, USA
- Manni - an Icelandic game
- Le Neuf (Nines) - a Canadian game
- Clubs - a game played in the Eastern USA
- Mizerka - a compendium game for 3 from Poland
- 3-2-5 - a game played with a 30-card pack in India, Pakistan and Nepal
- 7-8 is an Indian two-player game related to 3-2-5.
- Bismarck - a Swedish game, also known in some other countries
- Kong och Adel - a Swedish game with social ranks
- Sprøyte - a Norwegian game